GOscores, which provide a weighted ground time per aircraft seat, are calculated as follows:

1: Raw Total Ground Time (TGT) Data: Use ADS-B to determine Total Ground Time (TGT) between flights (records are only used for aircraft that are on the ground for a period of between 30 and 400 minutes). ADS-B is provided from spire satellite-based data, with some use of ADS-B Exchange data for quality checks.

2: Normalizing Aircraft Sizes: Divide the TGT by the largest in-service seat capacity for each aircraft type. This data is provided by AirInsight.

3: Normalizing Airports:

a) If the airport is served by multiple airlines, we compare the ground time per seat for different carriers. This avoids discriminating against carriers that operate out of busy airports.

b) If the airport is only served by one airline, then all such airports are pooled and compared to each other.

4: End Result: The GOscore index, showing the number of minutes saved per aircraft (normalized to 210 seats, which is the average number of available seats per flight on aircraft of over 100 seats).